Vegetation of Jordan.
295 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbilungen
UNESCO - Cairo Office, Regional Office for Science and Technology for the Arab States.
Abstract:
The author identifies the following 13 vegetation types:
- Aleppo Pine Vegetation: Found in forests at high altitudes, starting at 700 m above sea level. Examples are found in Jerash, Dibeen, Ajloun and Zai.
- Deciduous Oak Forest: Grows at lower altitudes than most of Jordan’s forests, in Um Qais, Yarmouk River, Ajloun and near King Talal dam.
- Juniper Forest: Found in the southern highlands of Jordan, usually at altitudes exceeding 1000 m a.s.l, in areas that receive an annual snowfall like Rashadiyya, Dana in Tafila, Shawbak and Wadi Musa. Often Cypress and Pistachio grow alongside the Juniper.
- Tropical Vegetation: Resembles Sudanian vegetation and dominant near the Dead Sea, although most areas representing this vegetation have been turned into farms, except in Ghor Fifa.
- Water Vegetation: Found in wadis and around springs and watercourses, in locations such as Yarmouk River, Zarqa River, Wadi Shu’aib, Wadi Mujib and Wadi Al Hasa.
- Saline Vegetation: Characterized by plants that tolerate a high salt content in the soil, found in the Saharo-Arabian zone around Azraq oasis, in the Ghor area and along the Dead Sea shore.
- Evergreen Oak Forest: Grows at above 700 m asl, found in Ajloun, Jarash, Salt, Tafila, and between Shawbak and Petra.
- Sand Dune Vegetation: Characterized by shrubs that are able to fix sand dunes that might reach 3 m in height, well represented in Wadi Araba and Wadi Rum.
- Acacia Vegetation: Found in mountainous and rocky areas of Wadi Araba, Aqaba, Wadi Yutum and Wadi Rum.
- Mediterranean Non-Forest Vegetation: Composed of shrubs, following degradation of a forest.
- Steppe Vegetation: Characterized by bushes and shrubs, in the Irano-turanian zone with a few penetrations in the Saharo-Arabian and Mediterranean zones, as seen in Mujib.
- Mud Flat Vegetation: Found in the Saharo-Arabian zone, especially where water is present along with mud and granite soils, as in Azraq and Al Jafer.
- Hammad Vegetation: Forms most of the Saharo-Arabian zone, characterized by vegetation that can tolerate the salinity and hot weather such as in the Eastern Desert.
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